Liberal Wars (Three Monarchies)

The Liberal Wars, also known as the French Civil War, the War of French Succession or Legitimists Wars, was a war between liberal constitutionalists and conservative absolutists in France over royal succession that lasted from 1821 to 1840. It was fought between two factions over the succession to the throne and the nature of the French monarchy: the conservative supporters of the late king's uncle, Charles Philippe, Count of Artois (or Charles X), became known as Legitimists, while the progressive supporters of the regent, Marie-Caroline, acting for Margaret, Queen of France, were called Liberals.

Aside from being a war of succession about the question who the rightful successor to king Louis XVII of France was, the Legitimists’ goal was the return to an absolute monarchy, while the Cristinos sought to defend the constitutional monarchy. Spain, Great Britain, and Russia supported the regency, and sent volunteer and even regular forces to confront the Legitimists Army.